Kepresidenan Madras
மெட்ராஸ் மாகாணம்
మద్రాస్ రాష్ట్రభాగము |
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Kepresidenan di India Britania | |||||||||||||
1652–1950 | |||||||||||||
Panji daerah
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![]() Kepresidenan Madras pada 1913 |
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Sejarah | |||||||||||||
Era sejarah | Imperialisme Baru | ||||||||||||
• Didirikan
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1652 | ||||||||||||
• Agensi Benteng St George di Madraspatnam menjadi Kepresidenan Madras
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1684 | ||||||||||||
•
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1950 | ||||||||||||
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Entitas kekaisaran di India
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1605–1825 | |
India Denmark | 1620–1869 |
India Prancis | 1769–1954 |
1434–1833 | |
1628–1633 | |
1612–1757 | |
1757–1858 | |
Kemaharajaan Britania | 1858–1947 |
1824–1948 | |
Negara- negara kepangeranan | 1721–1949 |
Partisi India |
1947
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Kepresidenan Madras , yang bernama resmi Kepresidenan Benteng St. George dan juga dikenal sebagai Provinsi Madras , adalah sebuah subdivisi administratif (kepresidenan) di India Britania . Pada masa kejayaannya, kepresidenan tersebut meliputi kebanyakan wilayah selatan India , yang meliputi wilayah pada masa sekarang dari negara bagian India Tamil Nadu dan Andhra Pradesh dan sebagian dari Odisha , Kerala dan Karnataka dan wilayah persatuan Lakshadweep . Kota Madras adalah ibu kota musim dingin dari Kepresidenan tersebut dan atau Ooty adalah ibu kota musim panas-nya. Pulau Ceylon menjadi bagian dari Kepresidenan Madras dari 1793 sampai 1798 ketika kepresidenan tersebut dijadikan sebagai koloni mahkota .
Setelah pada 1919, Madras menjadi provinsi pertama dari India Britania untuk mengimplementasikan sistem diarki , dan setelah itu Gubernur-nya memerintah bersama dengan seorang perdana menteri. Pada awal dekade abad ke-20, beberapa kontributor signifikan dari gerakan kemerdekaan India berasal dari Madras. Dengan adanya kemerdekaan India pada 15 Agustus 1947, Kepresidenan tersebut dibubarkan. Madras kemudian dijadikan sebagai Negara Bagian Madras , sebuah negara bagian dari India Serikat dan peresmian Republik India pada 26 Januari 1950, dan direorganisir pada 1956 .
Asal muasal
Sebelum kedatangan Inggris
Penemuan dolmen -dolmen di wilayah subbenua tersebut menunjukan bahwa wilayah tersebut telah ditinggal sejak awal Zaman Batu . Penguasa berpengaruh pertama dari bagian utara yang kelak menjadi Kepresidenan tersebut adalah dinasti Satawahana Telugu (230 SM - 102 Masehi). Setelah perpecahan kerajaan Satawahana di dan Chola di Tamil Nadu, negara tersebut ditaklukan suku bangsa ras kecil yang disebut . [ 1 ] Negara tersebut kembali ditaklukan dibawah kekuasaan dinasti Pallawa dan peradaban-nya memuncak pada masa kekuasaan Chola dan Pandya. Antara 1685 dan 1947, sejumlah raja menguasai wilayah yang kemudian menjadi bagian dari Kepresidenan Madras. [ 2 ]
Sejarah

Catatan
- ^ Iyengar 1929 , p. 535
- ^ Thurston 1913 , pp. 138–142
Daftar pustaka
- Publikasi pemerintahan
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- C. D., MaClean (1877). Standing Information regarding the Official Administration of Madras Presidency . Government of Madras.
- Great Britain India Office (1905). The India List and India Office List . London: Harrison and Sons.
- Hunter, Sir William Wilson (1908). The Imperial Gazetteer of India 1908 . Clarendon Press.
- Illustrated Guide to the South Indian Railway (Incorporated in England): Including the Tanjore District Board, Pondicherry, Peralam-Karaikkal, Travancore State, Cochin State, Coimbatore District Board, Tinnevelly-Tiruchendur, and the Nilgiri Railways . Madras: South Indian Railway Company. 1926.
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- (1918). Economic Studies Vol I:Some South Indian villages .
- Talboys-Wheeler, James (1862). Hand-book to the cotton cultivation in the Madras presidency . J. Higginbotham and Pharaoh and Co.
- Talboys-Wheeler, James (1996). Being a History of the Presidency from the First Foundation of Fort St. George to the Occupation of Madras by the French (1639–1748) . Asian Educational Services. ISBN 8120605535 .
- Tercentenary Madras Staff (1939). Madras Tercentenary Celebration Committee Commemoration Volume . Oxford Press.
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- Publikasi lainnya
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- Codrington, Humphry William (1926). A Short history of Lanka . Macmillan & Co.
- Dodd, George (1859). The history of the Indian revolt and of the expeditions to Persia, China, and Japan, 1856 – 7 – 8: With maps, plans, and wood engrav. [Umschlagt.:] Chambers"s history of the revolt in India . W. U. R. Chambers.
- F. E., Penny; Lady Lawley (1914). Southern India . A. C. Black.
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- (1929). History of the Tamils from the Earliest Times to the Present Day .
- Mazumdar, Amvika Charan (1917). Indian National Evolution . Madras: G. A. Natesan & Co.
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- Playne, Somerset; J. W. Bond; Arnold Wright (1914). Southern India: Its History, People, Commerce, and Industrial Resources .
- Price, Thomas (1837). Slavery in America: With Notices of the Present State of Slavery and the Slave Trade Throughout the World . Oxford University.
- S. H., Steinberg (1950). The Statesman's Yearbook 1950 . London: Macmillan and Co.
- Some Madras Leaders . Babu Bhishambher Nath Bhargava. 1922.
- T., Osborne (1765). The Modern part of a universal history from the Earliest Account of Time, Vol XLIII . London: Oxford University.
- Publikasi kontemporer
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