Ensiklopedia

Striga
Klasifikasi ilmiah
Kerajaan:	Plantae
Klad :	Tracheophyta
Klad :	Angiospermae
Klad :	Eudikotil
Klad :	Asterid
Ordo:	Lamiales
Famili:	Orobanchaceae
Genus:	Striga

Striga , atau secara lokal dikenal dengan rajatawa adalah marga ( genus ) tumbuhan yang mencakup sekelompok gulma parasit tanaman pangan Dalam pustaka berbahasa Inggris dikenal sebagai witchweed atau witchers weed . Tumbuhan ini ditemukan di Afrika, Asia, dan Australia, terutama di kawasan beriklim tropis. Beberapa jenisnya merupakan organisme pengganggu tanaman yang serius karena tidak sekadar menjadi parasit tetapi juga menyebabkan penyakit tanaman pangan, terutama di kawasan pertanian savanna Afrika. Sebagai pengganggu, Striga telah menyebar pula ke benua Amerika. Striga merupakan tumbuhan yang sangat diawasi penyebarannya oleh jawatan-jawatan karantina di seluruh dunia.

Jagung, sorgum, dan tebu adalah tanaman yang paling sering terganggu oleh striga, bahkan dapat menimbulkan kerugian 100%, termasuk di Amerika Serikat . Di Afrika, striga menjadi salah satu pengganggu terpenting. Sekitar 40% lahan savanna Afrika yang dapat digarap terkena dampak striga, sehingga menyebabkan kerugian sampai 13 miliar dollar AS per tahun. ^{[ 1 ]}

• Striga asiatica has a very wide geographic distribution, from Africa through southern and eastern Asia to Australia. Since the 1950s, it is also known from the United States. This introduction, likely a result of human activity, resulted in an infestation of corn ( maize ) across many counties in North and South Carolina. The United States Department of Agriculture and state agencies imposed a quarantine on this area to control its spread - a process that was apparently successful.
• , cowpea witchweed, as its name implies, is a parasite of cowpea ( ), which is not a grass, but a member of the legume family ( Fabaceae or Leguminosae ). This species was also accidentally introduced into Florida in the United States, where it was found parasitizing Indigofera hirsuta (hairy indigo, another legume).
• (purple witchweed) is also a parasite that affects grasses , particularly sorghum and in sub-Saharan Africa (Senegal to Ethiopia, Democratic Republic of Congo and Tanzania, Angola, Namibia).
• West Africa
• Angola
• East Africa, Asia, Indonesia
• (Asiatic witchweed) Africa, Arabian peninsula, India, Burma, China, Indonesia, the Philippines, Malaysia, New Guinea, Australia (introduced?), USA (introduced)
• Africa
• Africa
• Africa.
• Central Africa
• West Africa
• Angola, Malawi, South Africa, Zimbabwe
• Africa, Madagascar
• Chad, Central African Republic
• (cowpea witchweed) Africa, Arabian peninsula, India, USA (introduced)
• Tanzania
• Gabon, Democratic Republic of Congo
• Madagascar
• India
• South Africa, Mozambique
• West Africa, Nigeria, Ghana, Cameroon, Togo
• East Africa, Ethiopia, Somalia
• Senegal, Guinea, Guinea Bissau
• Sudan, Ethiopia
• West Africa, Nigeria, Ivory Coast, Togo
• West and Central Africa, Arabian peninsula
• Ethiopia
• Ivory Coast, Nigeria
• Somalia
• Ethiopia

• 
  in Hyderabad, India
• 
  Striga densiflora in Hyderabad
• 
  Striga densiflora in Hyderabad

• Clark, Lawrence J.; Shawe, Keith G.; Hoffmann, Gŕrard; Stewart, George R. (1994). "The effect ofStriga hermonthica(Del.) Benth. Infection on gas-exchange characteristics and yield of a sorghum host, measured in the field in Mali". Journal of Experimental Botany . 45 (2): 281– 3. doi : 10.1093/jxb/45.2.281 .
• Gérard, Hoffmann; Loisel, Roger (1994). Contribution à l'étude des Phanérogames parasites du Burkina Faso et du Mali: quelques aspects de leur écologie, biologie et techniques de lutte (PhD Thesis) (dalam bahasa Prancis). OCLC 489977820 . .
• Gérard, Hoffmann; Diarra, C; Dembele, D (1994). "Outbreaks and new records: Striga asiatica, new pest of maize in Mali" . FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) Plant Protection Bulletin . 42 (42): 214– 5.
• Gérard, Hoffmann; Marnotte, P.; Dembélé, D (1997). "Emploi d'herbicides pour lutter contre Striga hermonthica : Striga". Agriculture et Développement (dalam bahasa Prancis). 13 : 58– 62. .
• Khan, Zeyaur R.; Hassanali, Ahmed; Overholt, William; Khamis, Tsanuo M.; Hooper, Antony M.; Pickett, John A.; Wadhams, Lester J.; Woodcock, Christine M. (2002). "Control of witchweed Striga hermonthica by intercropping with Desmodium spp., and the mechanism defined as allelopathic". Journal of Chemical Ecology . 28 (9): 1871– 85. doi : 10.1023/A:1020525521180 . PMID 12449513 .
• Khan, Zeyaur R.; Midega, Charles A. O.; Hassanali, Ahmed; Pickett, John A.; Wadhams, Lester J. (2007). "Assessment of Different Legumes for the Control of in Maize and Sorghum". Crop Science . 47 (2): 730– 4. doi : 10.2135/cropsci2006.07.0487 .
• Moore, T. H. M.; Lane, J. A.; Child, D. V.; Arnold, G. M.; Bailey, J. A.; Hoffmann, G. (1995). "New sources of resistance of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) toStriga gesnerioides, a parasitic angiosperm". Euphytica . 84 (3): 165– 74. doi : 10.1007/BF01681808 .

• The Parasitic Plant Connection: Striga Photo Gallery
• The Parasitic Plant Connection: Striga asiatica in the USA
• Witchweed
• UN Development Programme
• Striga research at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA)
• Parasitic Plants as Weeds Diarsipkan 2007-02-17 di Wayback Machine .
• Striga weed control with herbicide-coated maize seed, CIMMYT Diarsipkan 2010-06-06 di Wayback Machine .
• A recipe for Striga control in sub-saharan Africa Diarsipkan 2006-03-03 di Wayback Machine .
• Moore, T. H. M.; Lane, J. A.; Child, D. V.; Arnold, G. M.; Bailey, J. A.; Hoffmann, G. (1995). "New sources of resistance of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) toStriga gesnerioides, a parasitic angiosperm". Euphytica . 84 (3): 165– 74. doi : 10.1007/BF01681808 .
• Facebook community page "Striga Research and Control"