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Keluarga roket R-7 (Rusia: Р-7) adalah serangkaian roket, berasal dari R-7 Semyorka Soviet , ICBM pertama di dunia. Lebih roket R-7 telah diluncurkan daripada keluarga roket besar lainnya.

R-7 ternyata tidak praktis sebagai rudal balistik , tetapi menemukan aplikasi panjang di Soviet dan program ruang Rusia kemudian. Keluarga R-7 terdiri dari kedua rudal, dan roket pembawa orbital. Derivatif termasuk Vostok , Voskhod dan roket Soyuz , yang telah digunakan untuk semua Soviet, dan kemudian spaceflights berawak Rusia. Jenis ini memiliki konfigurasi yang unik di mana empat mesin berbahan bakar cair break-away mengelilingi inti pusat. Inti bertindak sebagai "tahap kedua" berlaku setelah empat mesin yang lain dibuang.

Varian

Data dibawah merupakan data pengenalan. Sebagian besar roket R 7 telah pensiun. Versi aktif berwarna hijau.

Nama	index	Fungsi	N° Core Stages ^{[ a ]}	Penerbangan perdana	Penerbangan final	Peluncuran ^{[ b ]}			Keterangan
Nama	index	Fungsi	N° Core Stages ^{[ a ]}	Penerbangan perdana	Penerbangan final	Total	Sukses	Gagal (+ partial)	Keterangan
R-7 Semyorka	8K71	ICBM	1	15 May 1957	27 February 1961	27	18	9	World's first ICBM
Sputnik-PS	8K71PS	Carrier rocket	1	4 October 1957	3 November 1957	2	2	0	World's first Launched Sputnik 1 and Sputnik 2
Sputnik	8A91	Carrier rocket	1	27 April 1958	15 May 1958	2	1	1	Launched
	8K72	Carrier rocket	2	23 September 1958	16 April 1960	9	2	7	Launched first
	8K74	ICBM	1	23 December 1959	25 July 1967	21	18	3
Vostok-L	8K72L	Carrier rocket	2	15 May 1960	1 December 1960	4	3	1
	8K78	Carrier rocket	3	20 January 1960	3 December 1965	26	12	14
Vostok-K	8K72K	Carrier rocket	2	22 December 1960	10 July 1964	13	11	2	Used for manned missions First rocket to launch a man into space
	8K78L	Carrier rocket	4	Unbuilt
	8A92	Carrier rocket	2	1 June 1962	12 May 1967	45	40	5
	11A59	Carrier rocket	1	1 November 1963	12 April 1964	2	2	0
Voskhod	11A57	Carrier rocket	2	16 November 1963	29 June 1976	300	277	23	Launched manned and missions
Molniya-M	8K78M	Carrier rocket	3	19 February 1964	30 September 2010 ^{[ 1 ]}	297	276	21
Vostok-2M	8A92M	Carrier rocket	2	28 August 1964	29 August 1991	94	92	2
Soyuz/Vostok	11A510	Carrier rocket	3	27 December 1965	20 July 1966	2	2	0
Soyuz	11A511	Carrier rocket	2	28 November 1966	24 May 1975	30	28	2	Launched several manned missions
Soyuz-B	11K55	Carrier rocket	2	Unbuilt
Soyuz-V	11K56	Carrier rocket	2	Unbuilt
Soyuz-R	11A514	Carrier rocket	2	Unbuilt
Soyuz-L	11A511L	Carrier rocket	2	24 November 1970	12 August 1971	3	3	0
Soyuz-M	11A511M	Carrier rocket	2	27 December 1971	31 March 1976	8	8	0
Soyuz-U	11A511U	Carrier rocket	2 or 3	18 May 1973	Active	783	763	21 ^{[ 2 ]}	Single most launched carrier rocket ever built Used for a number of manned launches
Soyuz-U2	11A511U2	Carrier rocket	2	23 December 1982	3 September 1995	72	72	0	Used for a number of manned launches
Soyuz-FG	11A511U-FG	Carrier rocket	2 or 3	20 May 2001	Active	56	56	0	Used for current manned launches
Soyuz-2.1a / STA	14A14A	Carrier rocket	2 or 3	8 November 2004	Active	28	26	1+1p
/ STB	14A14B	Carrier rocket	2 or 3	27 December 2006	Active	30	28	1+1p
Soyuz-2-1v	14A15	Carrier rocket	2	28 December 2013	Active	2	1	1p
^ Not including boosters ^ As of May 7, 2016

Referensi

^ Mu, Xuequan (1 October 2010). "Russia sends military satellite into space" . Xinhua . Diakses tanggal 30 September 2010 .
^ In 1983, flight took fire on the launch pad before the end of the countdown, so it is not counted in the list of launches; this is why adding successes and failures yields 778 launches instead of 777.

McDowell, Jonathan. "Launch List - R-7 Family" . Jonathan's Space Page . Diakses tanggal 2008-12-21 .
Wade, Mark. "Soyuz" . Encyclopedia Astronautica . Diakses tanggal 2008-12-21 .

Rocket R-7 Diarsipkan 2020-03-30 di Wayback Machine . from S.P. Korolev Rocket and Space Corporation Energia , a Russian rocket and space contractor

Artikel bertopik luar angkasa ini adalah sebuah rintisan . Anda dapat membantu Wikipedia dengan .

Artikel bertopik senjata ini adalah sebuah rintisan . Anda dapat membantu Wikipedia dengan .

[1] Not including boosters

[2] As of May 7, 2016

[MM-retired-3] Mu, Xuequan (1 October 2010). "Russia sends military satellite into space" . Xinhua . Diakses tanggal 30 September 2010 .

[explain-soyuz-u-launch-counts-4] In 1983, flight took fire on the launch pad before the end of the countdown, so it is not counted in the list of launches; this is why adding successes and failures yields 778 launches instead of 777.

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