Ensiklopedia

Pengepungan Tobruk
	Bagian dari Kampanye Gurun Barat
	; Pasukan Australia sedang menduduki posisi garis depan di Tobruk
Tanggal	10 April – 27 November 1941,
Lokasi	Tobruk , Libya ; 32°04′34″N 23°57′41″E / 32.07611°N 23.96139°E
Hasil	Kemenangan Sekutu
Pihak terlibat
Australia ; Britania Raya India ; ;	Italia ; (sejak 12 April 1941)
Tokoh dan pemimpin
Leslie Morshead (April–September 1941) ; (September–November 1941)	Rodolfo Graziani
Kekuatan
27,000	35,000
Korban
5,989	12,296 ; 74–150 pesawat

Pengepungan Tobruk berlangsung selama 241 hari pada 1941, setelah pasukan Blok Poros maju ke Cyrenaica dari El Agheila dalam Operasi Sonnenblume melawan Inggris di Libya , pada Kampanye Gurun Barat (1940–1943) pada Perang Dunia Kedua . Pada akhir 1940, Inggris mengalahkan Tentara ke-10 Italia pada Operasi Compass (9 Desember 1940 – 9 Februari 1941) dan menjebak sisanya di Beda Fomm.

Referensi

Buku

Chappell, M. (1996). Army Commandos 1940–1945 . Elite Series. Oxford: Osprey. ISBN 1-85532-579-9 .
Creveld, M. van (1977). Supplying War: Logistics from Wallenstein to Patton . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press . ISBN 0-521-29793-1 .
Dominioni, P. C.; Izzo, G. (1967). Takfír: Cronaca dell'ultima Battaglia di Alamein . Testimonianze fra cronaca e storia (dalam bahasa Italian). Milano: Ugo Mursia Editore. OCLC 163936563 .
Greene, J.; Massignani, A. (1994). Rommel's North Africa Campaign: September 1940 – November 1942 . Conshohocken, PA: Combined Books. ISBN 0-58519-391-6 .
Harrison, F. (1999) [1996]. Tobruk: The Great Siege Reassessed . London: Brockhampton Press. ISBN 1-86019-986-0 .
La Prima controffensiva italo-tedesca in Africa settentrionale: (15 febbraio – 18 novembre 1941) . Ufficio storico (dalam bahasa Italian). Roma: Ministero della difesa, Stato maggiore dell'Esercito. 1974. OCLC 13007244 .
Lewin, R. (1998) [1968]. Rommel As Military Commander . New York: B&N Books. ISBN 978-0-7607-0861-3 .
(1989). Panzer Commander: The Memoirs of Colonel Hans von Luck . New York: Dell (Random House). ISBN 0-440-20802-5 .
Maughan, B. (1966). Tobruk and El Alamein . Australia in the War of 1939–1945 Series 1 (Army). III . Canberra: Australian War Memorial. OCLC 954993 .
McDonald, N. (2004). Chester Wilmot Reports . Sydney: ABC Books. ISBN 0-7333-1441-4 .
Mounbatten, L. (2007). Combined Operations: The Official Story of the Commandos . Read Books. ISBN 1-4067-5957-0 .
Murphy, W. E. (1961). Fairbrother, M. C., ed. The Relief of Tobruk . The Official History of New Zealand in the Second World War 1939–1945. Wellington, NZ: War History Branch, Department of Internal Affairs. OCLC 846906679 . Diakses tanggal 18 March 2015 .
Neillands, R. (2004). Eighth Army: From the Western Desert to the Alps . London: John Murray. ISBN 0-7195-5647-3 .
; Stitt RN , Commander G. M. S.; Molony, Brigadier C. J. C. & Toomer, Air Vice-Marshal S. E. (1959) [1954]. , ed. The Mediterranean and Middle East: The Early Successes Against Italy (to May 1941) . History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series. I . 3rd impression. HMSO. OCLC 888934805 .
Playfair, Major-General I. S. O.; Flynn RN, Captain F. C.; Molony, Brigadier C. J. C. & Toomer, Air Vice-Marshal S. E. (2004) [1st. pub. 1956]. Butler, J. R. M., ed. The Mediterranean and Middle East: The Germans come to the help of their Ally (1941) . History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series. II . Naval & Military Press. ISBN 1-84574-066-1 .
Playfair, Major-General I. S. O.; Flynn, Captain F. C. RN; Molony, Brigadier C. J. C. & Gleave, Group Captain T. P. (2004) [1st. pub. HMSO:1960]. Butler, Sir James, ed. The Mediterranean and Middle East: British Fortunes reach their Lowest Ebb (September 1941 to September 1942) . History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series. III . Uckfield, UK: Naval & Military Press. ISBN 1-84574-067-X .
Saunders, H. St. G. ; Mountbatten, Louis (2007) [1943]. Combined Operations: The Official Story of the Commandos (edisi ke-Read Books). London: . ISBN 1-4067-5957-0 .
The Rise and Fall of the German Air Force (Air 41/10) (edisi ke-Public Record Office War Histories). Richmond, Surrey: Air Ministry. 2001 [1948]. ISBN 1-903365-30-9 .

Situs web

"I Bersaglieri in Africa Settentrionale" . Avanti Savoia website (dalam bahasa Italian). 2003 . Diakses tanggal 5 April 2015 .

Bacaan tambahan

Beaumont, J. (1996). Australia's War, 1939–45 . Melbourne: Allen & Unwin. ISBN 1-86448-039-4 .
Buckingham, W. F. (2012). Tobruk: The Great Siege, 1941–42 . Stroud: Tempus. ISBN 0-75244-501-4 .
Combes, D. (2001). Morshead: Hero of Tobruk and El Alamein . Melbourne: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-551398-3 .
Converse, A. (2011). Armies of Empire: The 9th Australian and 50th British divisions in Battle 1939–1945 . Australian Army History Series. London: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-52119-480-6 .
(2006). Tobruk . Sydney: Harper Collins. ISBN 0-7322-7645-4 .
Glassop, L. (1992) [1944]. We Were the Rats (edisi ke-Penguin). Sydney: Angus & Robertson. ISBN 0-14-014924-4 .
Guardia, M. (2014). Junkers Ju 87 Stuka . Air Vanguard. Oxford: Osprey. ISBN 1-47280-119-9 .
Hoffman, K. (2004). Erwin Rommel . London: Brassey's. ISBN 1-85753-374-7 .
(1990) [1966]. A Don at War (edisi ke-rev.). London: F. Cass. ISBN 0-7146-3383-6 .
Jentz, T. L. (1998). Tank Combat In North Africa: The Opening Rounds, Operations Sonnenblume, Brevity, Skorpion and Battleaxe, February 1941 – June 1941 . Atglen, PN: Schiffer. ISBN 0-7643-0226-4 .
Johnston, M. (2003). That Magnificent 9th: An Illustrated History of the 9th Australian Division . London: Allen & Unwin. ISBN 1-86508-654-1 .
(2004). Tobruk 1941: Rommel's Opening Move . Santa Barbara, CAL: Greenwood Press. ISBN 0-275-98287-4 .
Long, G. (1952). To Benghazi . Australia in the War of 1939–1945 Series 1 (Army). I . Canberra: Australian War Memorial. OCLC 18400892 .
Long, G. (1973). The Six Years War: a A Concise History of Australia in the 1939–45 War . Canberra: Australian War Memorial. ISBN 0-64299-375-0 .
Maule, H. (1961). Spearhead General: The Epic Story of General Sir Frank Messervy and his Men in Eritrea, North Africa and Burma . London: Odhams. OCLC 2127215 .
Mead, R. (2007). Churchill's Lions: A Biographical Guide to the key British Generals of World War II . Stroud (UK): Spellmount. ISBN 978-1-86227-431-0 .
Mitcham, S. W. (2007). Rommel's Desert Commanders: The Men who Served the Desert Fox, North Africa, 1941–1942 . Westport, Conn: Praeger Security International. ISBN 0-27599-436-8 .
Montanari, M. (1985). Tobruk (marzo 1941 – gennaio 1942) . Le operazioni in Africa Settentrionale (dalam bahasa Italian). II . Roma: Stato Maggiore dell'esercito, Ufficio Storico. OCLC 886499428 .
Rommel, E; (1982) [1953]. , ed. The Rommel Papers . trans. Findlay, Paul (edisi ke-New). New York: Da Capo Press. ISBN 0-306-80157-4 .
Spencer, B. (1999). In the Footsteps of Ghosts: With the 2/9th Battalion in the African Desert . St. Leonards, NSW: Allen & Unwin. ISBN 1-86508-145-0 .
Walker, I. (2006). Iron Hulls, Iron Hearts: Mussolini's Elite Armoured Divisions in North Africa . Ramsbury: Crowood Press. ISBN 1-86126-839-4 .
Wilmot, C. (1993) [1944]. Tobruk 1941 (edisi ke-Penguin). Sydney: Halstead Press. ISBN 978-0-670-07120-3 .

Situs web

"Appendix No. 30: Summary No. 2, entry for 16 April". 2/43 Infantry Battalion War Diary, April 1941 (PDF) . Canberra: Australian War Memorial. hlm. 111–112. RCDIG1026557. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2016-03-04 . Diakses tanggal 5 April 2015 .
Miller, W. A. (1986). "The 9th Australian Division Versus the Africa Corps: An Infantry Division Against Tanks: Tobruk, Libya, 1941" . Fort Leavenworth, KN: U.S. Army Command and General Staff College, Combat Studies Institute. OCLC 815355690 . Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2010-02-25 . Diakses tanggal 5 April 2015 .
Toppe, Generalmajor A. (1991) [~1947]. "German Experiences in Desert Warfare During World War II" (PDF) . Fort Leavenworth, KS: U.S. Army General Command and Staff College. OCLC 58531612 . Diakses tanggal 5 April 2015 .

Pranala luar

Polish Carpathian Brigade in the defence of Tobruk Diarsipkan 2008-05-01 di Wayback Machine .
The Characteristic of Tobruk defence in 1941 Diarsipkan 2004-06-04 di Wayback Machine .
Australian War Memorial – Siege of Tobruk

l Perang Dunia II
Peserta	Blok Poros · Blok Sekutu
Arena Pertempuran	Eropa ( Front Barat · Front Timur ) · Asia-Pasifik ( Laut Pasifik · Tiongkok Raya · Asia Tenggara · Pasifik Barat Daya · ) · Mediterania dan Timur Tengah ( Afrika Utara · Afrika Timur · Syiria · Mesopotamia · Persia ) · Amerika · Samudra Antlatik
Urutan waktu	Pra PD II · 1939 · 1940 · 1941 · 1942 · 1943 · 1944 · 1945

Pengawasan otoritas
Umum	Integrated Authority File (Jerman)
Perpustakaan nasional	Prancis (data) Amerika Serikat

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