|
|
|---|---|
|
|
| Nama sistematis ( IUPAC ) | |
| N -(2,6-Diklorofenil)-4,5--1 H -imidazol-2-amina | |
| Data klinis | |
| Nama dagang | Catapres, Kapvay, Nexiclon, dll |
| / Drugs.com | monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a682243 |
| : pranala | |
| Kat. kehamilan | B3 ( AU ) |
| ( AU ) ℞ -only ( CA ) POM ( UK ) ℞ -only ( US ) | |
| Rute | Oral , , intravena (IV), , topikal |
| Data farmakokinetik | |
| Bioavailabilitas | 70–80% (oral), [ 1 ] [ 2 ] 60–70% (transdermal) [ 3 ] |
| Ikatan protein | 20–40% [ 4 ] |
| Metabolisme | Hati , menjadi metabolit tidak aktif [ 4 ] 2/3 CYP2D6 [ 5 ] |
| Waktu paruh | IR: 12–16 jam; 41 jam pada penderita gagal ginjal , [ 6 ] [ 7 ] 48 jam untuk dosis berulang [ 3 ] |
| Ekskresi | Urin (72%) [ 4 ] |
| Pengenal | |
| Nomor CAS |
4205-90-7
|
| Kode ATC | AC01 |
| PubChem | CID 2803 |
| 516 | |
| DrugBank | DB00575 |
| ChemSpider |
2701
|
| UNII |
MN3L5RMN02
|
| KEGG |
D00281
|
| ChEBI |
CHEBI:3757
|
| ChEMBL |
|
| Data kimia | |
| Rumus | C 9 H 9 Cl 2 N 3 |
|
|
Klonidin adalah obat untuk menurunkan tekanan darah dengan menurunkan kadar bahan kimia tertentu dalam darah . Penggunaan obat klonidin berefek pembuluh darah menjadi rileks dan jantung berdetak lebih lambat. Obat klonidin digunakan untuk mengobati hipertensi (tekanan darah tinggi). [ 8 ]
Referensi
- ^ Davies DS, Wing AM, Reid JL, Neill DM, Tippett P, Dollery CT (May 1977). "Pharmacokinetics and concentration-effect relationships of intervenous and oral clonidine". Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics . 21 (5): 593– 601. doi : 10.1002/cpt1977215593 . PMID 870272 . S2CID 5566079 .
-
^
"Catapres- clonidine hydrochloride tablet"
.
DailyMed
. 6 September 2016.
Diarsipkan
dari versi aslinya tanggal 4 August 2020
. Diakses tanggal
21 December
2019
.
The pharmacokinetics of clonidine is dose-proportional in the range of 100 to 600 µg.The absolute bioavailability of clonidine on oral administration is 70% to 80%. Peak plasma clonidine levels are attained in approximately 1 to 3 hours.
- ^ a b Lowenthal DT, Matzek KM, MacGregor TR (May 1988). "Clinical pharmacokinetics of clonidine". Clinical Pharmacokinetics . 14 (5): 287– 310. doi : 10.2165/00003088-198814050-00002 . PMID 3293868 . S2CID 24783447 .
- ^ a b c "clonidine (Rx) - Catapres, Catapres-TTS, more." Medscape Reference . WebMD. Diarsipkan dari versi aslinya tanggal 4 December 2020 . Diakses tanggal 10 November 2013 .
- ^ Claessens AJ, Risler LJ, Eyal S, Shen DD, Easterling TR, Hebert MF (September 2010). "CYP2D6 mediates 4-hydroxylation of clonidine in vitro: implication for pregnancy-induced changes in clonidine clearance" . Drug Metabolism and Disposition . 38 (9): 1393– 1396. doi : 10.1124/dmd.110.033878 . PMC 2939473 . PMID 20570945 .
-
^
"Catapres- clonidine hydrochloride tablet"
.
DailyMed
. 6 September 2016.
Diarsipkan
dari versi aslinya tanggal 4 August 2020
. Diakses tanggal
21 December
2019
.
Following intravenous administration, clonidine displays biphasic disposition with a distribution half-life of about 20 minutes and an elimination half-life ranging from 12 to 16 hours. The half-life increases up to 41 hours in patients with severe impairment of renal function. Clonidine crosses the placental barrier. It has been shown to cross the blood–brain barrier in rats.
- ^ "Kapvay" . RxList . Diarsipkan dari versi aslinya tanggal 12 October 2017 . Diakses tanggal 30 October 2014 .
- ^ https://www.drugs.com/clonidine.html . "Clonidine: Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Warnings" . Drugs.com (dalam bahasa Inggris) . Diakses tanggal 2023-06-23 .
