Lihat sumber Adam Mickiewicz

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{{Infobox writer <!-- For more information see [[:Template:Infobox Writer/doc]]. -->
|name          = Adam Mickiewicz
|image         = Adam_Mickiewicz_według_dagerotypu_paryskiego_z_1842_roku.jpg
|image_size    =
|alt           =
|caption       =
|pseudonym     =
|birth_name    = Adam Bernard Mickiewicz
|birth_date    = {{Birth date|1798|12|24|df=y}}
|birth_place   = [[Zavosse|Zaosie]], [[Kegubernuran Lituania]], [[Kekaisaran Rusia]]
|death_date    = {{Death date and age|1855|11|26|1798|12|24|df=y}}
|death_place   = [[Istanbul]], [[Kesultanan Utsmaniyah]]
|resting_place = [[Katedral Wawel]], [[Kraków]]
|occupation    = Penyair, dramawan, esais, profesor sastra
|language      = [[Bahasa Polandia|Polandia]]
|nationality   =
|ethnicity     =
|citizenship   =
|education     =
|alma_mater    =
|period        =
|genre         = [[Romantisisme]]
|subject       =
|movement      =
|notableworks  = ''[[Pan Tadeusz]]''<br>''[[Dziady (puisi)|Dziady]]''
|partner       =
|children      =
|relatives     =
|influences    = [[Homeros]]<br>[[Niccolò Machiavelli]]<br>[[Jan Kochanowski]]<br>[[Petrarch]]<br>[[Alexander Pope]]<br>[[George Gordon Byron]]<br>[[Johann Wolfgang Goethe]]
|influenced    = [[Comte de Lautréamont]]<br>[[George Sand]]<br>[[Ralph Waldo Emerson]]<br>[[Théophile Gautier]]<br>[[Fyodor Dostoyevsky]]<br>[[Georg Brandes]]<br>[[Yanka Kupala]]<br>[[Friedrich Nietzsche]]
|awards        =
|signature     = Autograph-AdamMickiewicz.svg
|signature_alt =
|website       = <!-- www.example.com -->
|portaldisp    =
|spouse        = [[Celina Szymanowska]] (1834–55; enam anak; kematiannya)
}}
'''Adam Bernard Mickiewicz ''' ({{IPAc-pl|AUD|Pl-Adam_Mickiewicz.ogg|m|i|c|'|k|J|e|w|i|cz}}; 24 Desember 1798{{spaced ndash}}26 November 1855). adalah seorang [[penyair]], [[dramawan]], esais, ''[[publicis]]t'', [[penerjemah]], profesor sastra Slavia, dan aktivis politik Polandia.<ref name="Drabble" /><ref name="Adam Mickiewicz" /> Ia dianggap sebagai [[Daftar penyair nasional#Eropa|penyair nasional]] di [[Polandia]], [[Lituania]], dan [[Belarus]].

Termasuk seorang [[tokoh]] utama dalam [[Romantisisme di Polandia|Romantisisme Polandia]], ia merupakan salah satu dari "[[Tiga Penyair]]" (''Trzej Wieszcze'') Polandia<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.polish-dictionary.com/poland-poetry |title=Poland's Famous Poets |publisher=Polish-dictionary.com |date= |accessdate=2014-08-20}}</ref> dan secara luas dianggap sebagai penyair besar Polandia.<ref name="mickiewicz" /><ref name="mickiewicz1" /><ref name="Cornis-PopeNeubauer2010" /> Dia juga dianggap sebagai salah satu penyair [[bahasa Slavia|Slavia]]<ref name="PomorskaBaran1992" /> dan [[Eropa]]<ref name="budowniczowie" /> yang besar dan telah dijuluki sebagai "penyair Slavia".<ref name="fra" /> Seorang dramawan Romantis,<ref name="tm" /> ia telah dibandingkan di [[Polandia]] dan [[Eropa]] dengan [[George Gordon Byron|Byron]] dan [[Johann Wolfgang von Goethe|Goethe]].<ref name="fra" /><ref name="tm" />

Ia dikenal terutama untuk drama puitis ''[[Dziady (puisi)|Dziady]]'' (''Forefathers' Eve'') dan [[Puisi epik|puisi epik nasional]] ''[[Pan Tadeusz]]''. Karya lain yang berpengaruh yaitu ''[[Konrad Wallenrod]] dan ''[[Grażyna (puisi)|Grażyna]]. Semua ini menjadi inspirasi bagi pemberontakan melawan [[Pembagian Polandia|tiga kekuatan imperial yang telah membagi-bagi Persemakmuran Polandia-Lituania]].

Mickiewicz lahir di wilayah [[Pembagian Rusia|yang dipartisi Rusia]] dari mantan [[Keharyapatihan Lithuania]], yang telah menjadi bagian dari [[Persemakmuran Polandia-Lituania]], dan aktif dalam perjuangan untuk memenangkan kemerdekaan bagi daerah rumahnya. Sebagai konsekuensinya, ia menghabiskan lima tahun diasingkan ke [[Rusia]] tengah, pada tahun 1829 ia berhasil meninggalkan Kekaisaran Rusia, dan seperti banyak [[Emigrasi Besar|rekannya]], menghabiskan sisa hidup di luar negeri. Pertama, dia menetap di [[Roma]], kemudian di [[Paris]], di mana selama kurang lebih tiga tahun ia mengajar sastra [[Bangsa Slavia|Slavia]] di [[Collège de France]]. Dia meninggal di [[Istanbul]] di [[Kesultanan Utsmaniyah]], di mana ia pergi untuk membantu mengatur pasukan [[Polandia]] dan [[Yahudi-Polandia|Yahudi]] untuk melawan Rusia dalam [[Perang Krimea]].

Pada tahun 1890, jenazahnya dipulangkan dari [[Montmorency, Val-d'Oise]], di [[Prancis]], ke [[Katedral Wawel]] di [[Kraków]], [[Polandia]].

== Catatan ==
'''a''' {{Note_label|a|a|none}} [[Czesław Miłosz]] and [[Kazimierz Wyka]] each note that Adam Mickiewicz's exact birthplace cannot be ascertained due to conflicting records and missing documentation.<ref name="cze208"/><ref name="psb694"/>

== Referensi ==
{{rapikan}}
{{Reflist|2|refs=

<ref name="Jackiewicz1999">{{cite book|author=Mieczysław Jackiewicz|title=Literatura litewska w Polsce w XIX i XX wieku|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UJYYAQAAIAAJ|accessdate=4 June 2013|year=1999|publisher=Wydawn. Uniwersytetu Warmińsko-Mazurskiego|isbn=978-83-912643-4-8|page=21}}</ref>

<ref name="Surwiło1993">{{cite book|author=Jerzy Surwiło|title=Skaičių šalis : matematikos vadovėlis II klasei|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IFJiAAAAMAAJ|accessdate=4 June 2013|year=1993|publisher=Wydawn. "Magazyn Wileński|isbn=978-5-430-01467-4|page=28}}</ref>

<ref name="mickiewitch">{{ru icon}} Adam Mickiewitch, ''Poems'', Moscow, 1979, pp. 122, 340.</ref>

<ref name="popsa">{{ru icon}} [http://popsa.info/bio/006/006b.html David Tukhmanov]</ref>

<ref name="znadwiliiwilno">{{cite web |url=http://znadwiliiwilno.lt/materialy/tadeusz-zubinski-czy-adam-mickiewicz-znal-litewska-mowe-zw-47.html |title=Svetainė išjungta – Serveriai.lt |publisher=Znadwiliiwilno.lt |date= |accessdate=2013-06-18 |archive-date=2015-09-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150905053346/http://znadwiliiwilno.lt/materialy/tadeusz-zubinski-czy-adam-mickiewicz-znal-litewska-mowe-zw-47.html |dead-url=yes }}</ref>

<ref name="Koropeckyi2008-pref">{{cite book|author=Roman Koropeckyi|title=Adam Mickiewicz|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Pq1KOMGz2yUC&pg=PR9|accessdate=10 April 2013|year=2008|publisher=Cornell University Press|isbn=978-0-8014-4471-5|pages=9–12}}</ref>

<ref name="Koropeckyj2008">{{cite book|author=Roman Robert Koropeckyj|title=Adam Mickiewicz: The Life of a Romantic|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Pq1KOMGz2yUC&pg=PA93|accessdate=24 March 2013|year=2008|publisher=Cornell University Press|isbn=978-0-8014-4471-5|pages=93–95}}</ref>

<ref name="Krzyzanowski">{{cite book |title=Literatura polska: przewodnik encyklopedyczny, Volume 1: A–M |editor1-first=Julian |editor1-last=Krzyżanowski |year=1986 |publisher=Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe |location=Warszawa |isbn=83-01-05368-2 |pages=663–665}}</ref>

<ref name="MickiewiczAmerica1944">{{cite book|author1=Adam Mickiewicz|author2=Polish Institute of Arts and Sciences in America|title=Poems by Adam Mickiewicz|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zQBiAAAAMAAJ|accessdate=10 April 2013|year=1944|publisher=The Polish Institute of Arts and Sciences in America|page=63}}</ref>

<ref name="Musee Adam Mickiewicz">{{cite web|url=http://en.parisinfo.com/museum-monuments/112/musee-adam-mickiewicz |title=Musee Adam Mickiewicz |publisher=En.parisinfo.com |date=24 March 2000 |accessdate=2013-04-10}}</ref>

<ref name="Muzeum Adama Mickiewicza w Nowogródku">{{cite web |url=http://www.ebialorus.pl/aktualnosci/muzeum_adama_mickiewicza_w_nowogrodku,7589,id,7589.html |title=Muzeum Adama Mickiewicza w Nowogródku |publisher=Ebialorus.pl |date= |accessdate=2013-04-10 |archive-date=2013-09-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130903183647/http://www.ebialorus.pl/aktualnosci/muzeum_adama_mickiewicza_w_nowogrodku,7589,id,7589.html |dead-url=yes }}</ref>

<ref name="Olszewska2007">{{cite book|author=Kinga Olszewska|title=Wanderers across language: exile in Irish and Polish literature of the twentieth century|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZtRS9pBBhJMC&pg=PA29|accessdate=13 April 2013|year=2007|publisher=MHRA|isbn=978-1-905981-08-3|page=29}}</ref>

<ref name="Peterkiewicz1970">{{cite book|author=Jerzy Peterkiewicz|title=Polish prose and verse: a selection with an introductory essay|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6efG8PMufHsC|accessdate=10 April 2013|year=1970|publisher=University of London, Athlone Press|isbn=978-0-485-17502-8|page=xlvii}}</ref>

<ref name="The Westminster Review">{{cite book|title=The Westminster Review|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LmsyAQAAMAAJ|accessdate=24 March 2013|year=1879|publisher=J.M. Mason|page=378}}</ref>

<ref name="Wachtel2006">{{cite book|author=Andrew Wachtel|title=Remaining Relevant After Communism: The Role of the Writer in Eastern Europe|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Q5l3ywHWZV4C&pg=PA23|accessdate=10 April 2013|date=1 February 2006|publisher=University of Chicago Press|isbn=978-0-226-86766-3|page=23}}</ref>

<ref name="Wulff1992">{{cite book|author=Kenneth R. Wulff|title=Education in Poland: Past, Present, and Future|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FPpYBzGdegQC&pg=PA7|accessdate=17 March 2013|year=1992|publisher=University Press of America|isbn=978-0-8191-8615-7|page=7}}</ref>

<ref name="Yad Vashem Studies">{{cite book|title=Yad Vashem Studies|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pOWtjeac3mYC&pg=PA38|accessdate=17 March 2013|year=2007|publisher=Wallstein Verlag|page=38|issn=0084-3296}}</ref>

<ref name="cze208">{{cite book|author=Czesław Miłosz|authorlink=Czesław Miłosz|title=The History of Polish Literature|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R-MkT9vavwIC&pg=PA208|accessdate=16 March 2013|year=1983|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-04477-7|page=208}}</ref>

<ref name="cze209">{{cite book|author=Czesław Miłosz|authorlink=Czesław Miłosz|title=The History of Polish Literature|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R-MkT9vavwIC&pg=PA209|accessdate=16 March 2013|year=1983|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-04477-7|page=209}}</ref>

<ref name="cze210">{{cite book|author=Czesław Miłosz|authorlink=Czesław Miłosz|title=The History of Polish Literature|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R-MkT9vavwIC&pg=PA210|accessdate=16 March 2013|year=1983|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-04477-7|page=210}}</ref>

<ref name="cze212">{{cite book|author=Czesław Miłosz|authorlink=Czesław Miłosz|title=The History of Polish Literature|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R-MkT9vavwIC&pg=PA212|accessdate=16 March 2013|year=1983|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-04477-7|page=212}}</ref>

<ref name="cze213">{{cite book|author=Czesław Miłosz|authorlink=Czesław Miłosz|title=The History of Polish Literature|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R-MkT9vavwIC&pg=PA213|accessdate=16 March 2013|year=1983|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-04477-7|page=213}}</ref>

<ref name="cze214">{{cite book|author=Czesław Miłosz|authorlink=Czesław Miłosz|title=The History of Polish Literature|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R-MkT9vavwIC&pg=PA214|accessdate=16 March 2013|year=1983|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-04477-7|page=214}}</ref>

<ref name="cze214217">{{cite book|author=Czesław Miłosz|authorlink=Czesław Miłosz|title=The History of Polish Literature|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R-MkT9vavwIC&pg=PA214|accessdate=16 March 2013|year=1983|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-04477-7|pages=214–217}}</ref>

<ref name="cze218">{{cite book|author=Czesław Miłosz|authorlink=Czesław Miłosz|title=The History of Polish Literature|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R-MkT9vavwIC&pg=PA218|accessdate=16 March 2013|year=1983|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-04477-7|page=218}}</ref>

<ref name="cze220">{{cite book|author=Czesław Miłosz|authorlink=Czesław Miłosz|title=The History of Polish Literature|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R-MkT9vavwIC&pg=PA220|accessdate=16 March 2013|year=1983|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-04477-7|page=220}}</ref>

<ref name="cze221">{{cite book|author=Czesław Miłosz|authorlink=Czesław Miłosz|title=The History of Polish Literature|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R-MkT9vavwIC&pg=PA221|accessdate=16 March 2013|year=1983|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-04477-7|page=221}}</ref>

<ref name="cze222">{{cite book|author=Czesław Miłosz|authorlink=Czesław Miłosz|title=The History of Polish Literature|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R-MkT9vavwIC&pg=PA222|accessdate=16 March 2013|year=1983|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-04477-7|page=222}}</ref>

<ref name="cze223">{{cite book|author=Czesław Miłosz|authorlink=Czesław Miłosz|title=The History of Polish Literature|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R-MkT9vavwIC&pg=PA223|accessdate=16 March 2013|year=1983|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-04477-7|page=223}}</ref>

<ref name="cze224225">{{cite book|author=Czesław Miłosz|authorlink=Czesław Miłosz|title=The History of Polish Literature|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R-MkT9vavwIC&pg=PA224|accessdate=16 March 2013|year=1983|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-04477-7|pages=224–225}}</ref>

<ref name="cze226">{{cite book|author=Czesław Miłosz|authorlink=Czesław Miłosz|title=The History of Polish Literature|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R-MkT9vavwIC&pg=PA226|accessdate=16 March 2013|year=1983|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-04477-7|page=226}}</ref>

<ref name="cze227">{{cite book|author=Czesław Miłosz|authorlink=Czesław Miłosz|title=The History of Polish Literature|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R-MkT9vavwIC&pg=PA227|accessdate=16 March 2013|year=1983|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-04477-7|page=227}}</ref>

<ref name="cze228">{{cite book|author=Czesław Miłosz|authorlink=Czesław Miłosz|title=The History of Polish Literature|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R-MkT9vavwIC&pg=PA228|accessdate=16 March 2013|year=1983|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-04477-7|page=228}}</ref>

<ref name="cze229">{{cite book|author=Czesław Miłosz|authorlink=Czesław Miłosz|title=The History of Polish Literature|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R-MkT9vavwIC&pg=PA229|accessdate=16 March 2013|year=1983|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-04477-7|page=229}}</ref>

<ref name="cze230">{{cite book|author=Czesław Miłosz|authorlink=Czesław Miłosz|title=The History of Polish Literature|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R-MkT9vavwIC&pg=PA230|accessdate=16 March 2013|year=1983|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-04477-7|page=30}}</ref>

<ref name="cze231">{{cite book|author=Czesław Miłosz|authorlink=Czesław Miłosz|title=The History of Polish Literature|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R-MkT9vavwIC&pg=PA231|accessdate=16 March 2013|year=1983|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-04477-7|page=231}}</ref>

<ref name="Adam Mickiewicz">{{cite web |url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/380179/Adam-Mickiewicz |title=Adam Mickiewicz |author=britannica.com |date= |work= |publisher= |accessdate=26 January 2012}}</ref>

<ref name="Drabble">{{cite book |title=The Oxford Companion to English Literature |url=https://archive.org/details/oxfordcompaniont00drab |editor1-first=Margaret |editor1-last=Drabble |year=1985 |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Oxford |isbn=0-19-866130-4 |page=[https://archive.org/details/oxfordcompaniont00drab/page/646 646]}}</ref>

<ref name="antologija">{{cite web|url=http://www.antologija.lt/texts/11/autor.html|title=Adomas Mickevičius (Adam Mickiewicz)|publisher=Lithuanian Classic Literature Anthology ([[UNESCO]] "Publica" series)|accessdate=2011-02-23}}</ref>

<ref name="brotherhood">{{cite book|author1=Magdalena Opalski|author2=Baṛtal, Israel|title=Poles and Jews: A Failed Brotherhood|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VQqO8LBNBbsC&pg=PA119|accessdate=17 March 2013|year=1992|publisher=UPNE|isbn=978-0-87451-602-9|pages=119–21|quote="the Frankist background of the poet's mother"}}</ref>

<ref name="budowniczowie">{{cite book|author1=Andrzej Wójcik|author2=Marek Englender|title=Budowniczowie gwiazd|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ka6aSAAACAAJ|accessdate=17 March 2013|year=1980|publisher=Krajowa Agencja Wydawn.|pages=19–10}}</ref>

<ref name="communicating">{{cite book|author1=Karin Ikas|author2=Gerhard Wagner|title=Communicating in the Third Space|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AJh5gwQZOT0C&pg=PR182|accessdate=17 March 2013|date=25 September 2008|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0-203-89116-2|page=182}}</ref>

<ref name="contemporaries">{{cite book|author=Wiktor Weintraub|title=The poetry of Adam Mickiewicz|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AlJiAAAAMAAJ|accessdate=17 March 2013|year=1954|publisher=Mouton|page=11|quote=Her (Barbara Mickiewicz) maiden name was Majewska. In old Lithuania, every baptised Jew became ennobled, and there were Majewskis of Jewish origin. That must have been the reason for the rumours, repeated by some of the poet's contemporaries, that Mickiewicz's mother was a Jewess by origin. However, genealogical research makes such an assumption rather improbable}}</ref>

<ref name="encyclopaedia">"Mickiewicz's mother, descended from a converted Frankist family": "Mickiewicz, Adam," ''Encyclopaedia Judaica''. "Mickiewicz's Frankist origins were well-known to the Warsaw Jewish community as early as 1838 (according to evidence in the ''AZDJ'' of that year, p. 362). "The parents of the poet's wife also came from Frankist families": "Frank, Jacob, and the Frankists," ''Encyclopaedia Judaica''.</ref>

<ref name="frankists">{{cite book|author=Czesław Milosz|title=The Land of Ulro|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1HcvHQAACAAJ|accessdate=17 March 2013|date=22 May 2000|publisher=Farrar, Straus and Giroux|isbn=978-0-374-51937-7|page=116|quote=The mother's low social status—her father was a land steward—argues against a Frankist origin. The Frankists were usually of the nobility and therefore socially superior to the common gentry.}}</ref>

<ref name="jachimecki">[[Zdzisław Jachimecki]], "Chopin, Fryderyk Franciszek," ''[[Polski słownik biograficzny]]'', vol. III, [[Kraków]], [[Polish Academy of Learning|Polska Akademia Umiejętności]], 1937, p. 424.</ref>

<ref name="jachimecki2">[[Zdzisław Jachimecki]], "Chopin, Fryderyk Franciszek," ''[[Polski słownik biograficzny]]'', vol. III, [[Kraków]], [[Polish Academy of Learning|Polska Akademia Umiejętności]], 1937, p. 423.</ref>

<ref name="katolickiego">''Studia Polonijne, Tomy 22–23'', Towarzystwo Naukowe Katolickiego Uniwersytetu Lubelskiego, 2001, page 266</ref>

<ref name="mickiewicz">S. Treugutt: ''Mickiewicz – domowy i daleki.'' in: A. Mickiewicz: ''Dzieła I.'' Warszawa 1998, p. 7</ref>

<ref name="mickiewicz1">E. Zarych: ''Posłowie.'' in: A. Mickiewicz: ''Ballady i romanse.'' Kraków 2001, p. 76</ref>

<ref name="mickiewicza">Rybczonek, S., "''Przodkowie Adama Mickiewicza po kądzieli''" ("Adam Mickiewicz's Ancestors on the Distaff Side"), ''Blok-Notes Muzeum Literatury im. Adama Mickiewicza'', 1999, no. 12/13.</ref>

<ref name="movement">[[Meir Balaban|Balaban, Meir]], ''The History of the Frank Movement'', 2 vols., 1934–35, pp.&nbsp;254–259.</ref>

<ref name="niniwa2">{{pl icon}} Paweł Goźliński, [http://niniwa2.cba.pl/mickiewicz_rzym_kolo_nowogrodka_wywiad.htm "Rzym koło Nowogródka"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120220130113/http://niniwa2.cba.pl/mickiewicz_rzym_kolo_nowogrodka_wywiad.htm |date=2012-02-20 }} (Rome near Nowogródek), interview with historian [[Tomasz Łubieński]], editor-in-chief of ''Nowe Ksiąźki'', [[Gazeta Wyborcza]], 16 October 1998.</ref>

<ref name="prospects">{{cite book|author1=Lola Romanucci-Ross|author2=George A. De Vos|author3=Takeyuki Tsuda|title=Ethnic Identity: Problems And Prospects for the Twenty-first Century|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AajCaf34k3oC&pg=PR74|accessdate=17 March 2013|year=2006|publisher=Rowman Altamira|isbn=978-0-7591-0973-5|page=74}}</ref>

<ref name="psb694">[[Kazimierz Wyka]], "Mickiewicz, Adam Bernard", ''[[Polski Słownik Biograficzny]]'', vol. XX, 1975, p. 694.</ref>

<ref name="psb695">[[Kazimierz Wyka]], "Mickiewicz, Adam Bernard", ''[[Polski Słownik Biograficzny]]'', vol. XX, 1975, p. 695.</ref>

<ref name="psb696">[[Kazimierz Wyka]], "Mickiewicz, Adam Bernard", ''[[Polski Słownik Biograficzny]]'', vol. XX, 1975, p. 696.</ref>

<ref name="psb697">[[Kazimierz Wyka]], "Mickiewicz, Adam Bernard", ''[[Polski Słownik Biograficzny]]'', vol. XX, 1975, p. 697.</ref>

<ref name="psb698">[[Kazimierz Wyka]], "Mickiewicz, Adam Bernard", ''[[Polski Słownik Biograficzny]]'', vol. XX, 1975, p. 698.</ref>

<ref name="psb699">[[Kazimierz Wyka]], "Mickiewicz, Adam Bernard", ''[[Polski Słownik Biograficzny]]'', vol. XX, 1975, p. 699.</ref>

<ref name="psb700">[[Kazimierz Wyka]], "Mickiewicz, Adam Bernard", ''[[Polski Słownik Biograficzny]]'', vol. XX, 1975, p. 700.</ref>

<ref name="psb701">[[Kazimierz Wyka]], "Mickiewicz, Adam Bernard", ''[[Polski Słownik Biograficzny]]'', vol. XX, 1975, p. 701.</ref>

<ref name="psb702">[[Kazimierz Wyka]], "Mickiewicz, Adam Bernard", ''[[Polski Słownik Biograficzny]]'', vol. XX, 1975, p. 702.</ref>

<ref name="psb703">[[Kazimierz Wyka]], "Mickiewicz, Adam Bernard", ''[[Polski Słownik Biograficzny]]'', vol. XX, 1975, p. 703.</ref>

<ref name="psb704">[[Kazimierz Wyka]], "Mickiewicz, Adam Bernard", ''[[Polski Słownik Biograficzny]]'', vol. XX, 1975, p. 704.</ref>

<ref name="psb705">[[Kazimierz Wyka]], "Mickiewicz, Adam Bernard", ''[[Polski Słownik Biograficzny]]'', vol. XX, 1975, p. 705.</ref>

<ref name="rzeczypospolitej">Muzeum Adama Mickiewicza w Stambule (przewodnik). Ministerstwo Kultury i Turystyki Republiki Turcji – Ministerstwo Kultury i Dziedzictwa Narodowego Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej, 26 November 2005.</ref>

<ref name="vytautas">{{cite book|author=Vytautas Kubilius|authorlink=Vytautas Kubilius|title=Adomas Mickevičius: poetas ir Lietuva|year=1998|publisher=Lietuvos rašytojų sąjungos leidykla|isbn=9986-39-082-6|page=49}}</ref>

<ref name="william">William Richard Morfill, ''Poland'', 1893, p. 300.</ref>

<ref name="www">{{cite web |url=http://www.lrp.lt/en/activities/speeches/address_by_h.e._dalia_grybauskaite_president_of_the_republic_of_lithuania_at_the_celebration_of_the_91st_anniversary_of_polish_independence_day.html |title=Address by H.E. Dalia Grybauskaitė, President of the Republic of Lithuania, at the Celebration of the 91st Anniversary of Polish Independence Day |author=[[Dalia Grybauskaitė]] |year=2008 |publisher=President of the Republic of Lithuania |accessdate=2011-04-14 |quote= |archive-date=2011-07-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722162650/http://www.lrp.lt/en/activities/speeches/address_by_h.e._dalia_grybauskaite_president_of_the_republic_of_lithuania_at_the_celebration_of_the_91st_anniversary_of_polish_independence_day.html |dead-url=yes }}</ref>

<ref name="Adam Mickiewicz: the national poet of Poland">{{Cite book |title=Adam Mickiewicz: the national poet of Poland |last=Gardner |first=Monica Mary |authorlink=Monica Mary Gardner |year=1911 |publisher=J.M. Dent & Sons |location=New York |isbn= |oclc= 464724636 |page= |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zEUDAAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false |accessdate=2011-04-14 |quote= }}</ref>

<ref name="Alvis2005">{{cite book|author=Robert E. Alvis|title=Religion and the rise of nationalism: a profile of an East-Central European city|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Uj2UaAKuE8YC&pg=PA101|accessdate=12 January 2011|year=2005|publisher=Syracuse University Press|isbn=978-0-8156-3081-4|page=101}}</ref>

<ref name="Classe2000">{{cite book|author=Olive Classe|title=Encyclopedia of literary translation into English: M-Z|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=C1uXah12nHgC&pg=PA947|accessdate=23 February 2011|date=1 December 2000|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-884964-36-7|pages=947–}}</ref>

<ref name="Cornis-PopeNeubauer2010">{{cite book|author=Roman Koropeckyj|chapter=Adam Mickiewicz as a Polish National Icon|editor=Marcel Cornis-Pope|editor2=John Neubauer|title=History of the Literary Cultures of East-Eastern Europe|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YINYl4iv4ecC&pg=PA39|accessdate=23 February 2011|date=29 September 2010|publisher=John Benjamins Publishing Company|isbn=978-90-272-3458-2|pages=39–}}</ref>

<ref name="Encyclopedia of the romantic era, 1760-1850, Volume 2">{{cite book|title=Encyclopedia of the romantic era, 1760–1850, Volume 2|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wgS2nYRIuUEC&pg=PA742&lpg=PA742&dq=Adam+Mickiewicz+cholera&source=bl&ots=bA-oyi1-CA&sig=hUTC4pM5SPDkfp02typrgd21vMU&hl=en&ei=rkdOTN7FFcTSnAfJ2_XTAg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CBAQ6AEwADgK#v=onepage&q=Adam%20Mickiewicz%20cholera&f=false|author=Christopher John Murray|publisher=[[Taylor & Francis]]|year=2004|isbn=978-1-57958-422-1|page=742}}</ref>

<ref name="Kridl1951">{{cite book|author=Manfred Kridl|title=Adam Mickiewicz, poet of Poland: a symposium|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TyhiAAAAMAAJ|accessdate=23 February 2011|year=1951|publisher=Columbia University Press|page=33}}</ref>

<ref name="Murray2004">{{cite book|author=Christopher John Murray|title=Encyclopedia of the romantic era, 1760–1850|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wgS2nYRIuUEC&pg=PA739|accessdate=23 February 2011|year=2004|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-57958-422-1|pages=739–}}</ref>

<ref name="O'Connor2006">{{cite book|author=Kevin O'Connor|title=Culture and customs of the Baltic states|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8Dl2i1Fkd_cC&pg=PA123|accessdate=23 February 2011|year=2006|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-313-33125-1|pages=123–}}</ref>

<ref name="PomorskaBaran1992">{{cite book|author1=Krystyna Pomorska|author2=Henryk Baran|title=Jakobsonian poetics and Slavic narrative: from Pushkin to Solzhenitsyn|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XtWSxYoCAkQC&pg=PA239|accessdate=23 February 2011|year=1992|publisher=Duke University Press|isbn=978-0-8223-1233-8|pages=239–}}</ref>

<ref name="The Cambridge History of Russia: Imperial Russia, 1689-1917">{{cite book|title=The Cambridge History of Russia: Imperial Russia, 1689–1917|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NzR0cmnP3J8C&pg=PA173&dq=lithuanian+belarusian+mickiewicz&hl=en&ei=xlNQTMPkLomknQeWob38BQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8&ved=0CE0Q6AEwBw#v=onepage&q=lithuanian%20belarusian%20mickiewicz&f=false|author1=Maureen Perrie |author2=D. C. B. Lieven |author3=Ronald Grigor Suny |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|year=2006|page=173|isbn=978-0-521-81529-1}}</ref>

<ref name="United Nations in Belarus - Culture">{{cite web|title=United Nations in Belarus – Culture|url=http://un.by/en/aboutbelarus/culture/|publisher=United Nations|accessdate=2010-09-17|archive-date=2011-07-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706163141/http://un.by/en/aboutbelarus/culture/|dead-url=yes}}</ref>

<ref name="Warsaw and surroundings">{{Cite book |title=Warsaw and surroundings |last=Jabłoński |first=Rafał |year=2002 |publisher=Festina |location=Warsaw |isbn= |oclc=680169225 |page=103 |url= |accessdate= |quote=The Adam Mickiewicz Monument was unveiled in 1898 to mark the 100th anniversary of the great romantic poet's birth. The inscription on the base reads: "To the Poet from the Nation"}}</ref>

<ref name="corwin">{{cite book|title=The Political History of Poland|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WEtpAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA449&lpg=PA449&dq=He+feels+for+millions+and+is+pleading+before+God+for+their+happiness+and+spiritual+perfection.&source=bl&ots=mOeHPKrmIF&sig=_glTlv6RljGb_WHmF0ky-o1bB2E&hl=en&ei=MrivS7W8JqSuMuC0ub0N&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CAsQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=He%20feels%20for%20millions%20and%20is%20pleading%20before%20God%20for%20their%20happiness%20and%20spiritual%20perfection.&f=false|publisher=Polish Book Importing Co.|year=1917|author=[[Edward Henry Lewinski Corwin]]}}</ref>

<ref name="fra">{{cite book|author=Zofia Mitosek|title=Adam Mickiewicz w oczach Francuzów [Adam Mickiewicz to French Eyes]|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fCEaAQAAIAAJ|accessdate=17 March 2013|year=1999|publisher=Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN|isbn=978-83-01-12639-1|page=12}}</ref>

<ref name="tm">T. Macios, ''Posłowie'' (Afterword) to Adam Mickiewicz, ''[[Dziady (poem)|Dziady]]'', Kraków, 2004, pp.&nbsp;239–40.</ref>

<ref name="venc">{{cite web |url=http://www.lituanus.org/2007/07_3_03%20Venclova.html |title=Native Realm Revisited: Mickiewicz's Lithuania and Mickiewicz in Lithuania |accessdate=2007-04-24 |last=Venclova |first=Tomas |authorlink=Tomas Venclova |publisher=Lituanus Volume 53, No 3 – Fall 2007 |quote=This semantic confusion was amplified by the fact that the Nowogródek region, although inhabited mainly by Belarusian speakers, was for several centuries considered part and parcel of ''Lithuania Propria''—Lithuania in the narrow sense; as different from the 'Ruthenian' regions of the Grand Duchy. |archive-date=2015-02-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150222042238/http://www.lituanus.org/2007/07_3_03%20Venclova.html |dead-url=yes }}</ref>
}}

* {{Catholic|wstitle=Adam Mickiewicz}}

== Bacaan lebih lanjut ==
* {{cite book|author=Roman Koropeckyj|title=Adam Mickiewicz: The Life of a Romantic|url=https://books.google.com/books?isbn=0801444713|accessdate=13 September 2013|year=2008|publisher=Cornell UP|isbn=978-0-8014-4471-5}}
* {{cite book|author=Jadwiga Maurer|title="Z matki obcej--": szkice o powiązaniach Mickiewicza ze światem Żydów (Of a Foreign Mother&nbsp;... Sketches about Adam Mickiewicz's Ties to the Jewish World)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hSIaAQAAIAAJ|accessdate=17 March 2013|year=1996|publisher=Fabuss|isbn=978-83-902649-1-2}}

== Pranala luar ==
{{wikisource author}}
{{Commons}}
{{EB1911 poster|Mickiewicz, Adam}}
* {{Gutenberg author | id=Mickiewicz,+Adam | name=Adam Mickiewicz}}
* {{Internet Archive author |sname=Adam Bernard Mickiewicz |sopt=t}}
* {{Librivox author |id=2576}}
* [http://www.ruf.rice.edu/~sarmatia/109/291mickie.htm Four Sonnets] translated by [[Leo Yankevich]]
* [http://www.poemhunter.com/poem/the-akkerman-steppe/ Translation of "the Akkerman Steppe"]
* [http://www.sonnets.org/mickiewicz.htm Sonnets from the Crimea (Sonety krymskie)] translated by [[Edna W. Underwood]]
* [http://info-poland.buffalo.edu/web/arts_culture/literature/poetry/mickiewicz/poems/link.shtml Adam Mickiewicz Selected Poems (in English)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060901183103/http://info-poland.buffalo.edu/web/arts_culture/literature/poetry/mickiewicz/poems/link.shtml |date=2006-09-01 }}
* [http://www.intratext.com/Catalogo/Autori/Aut1069.htm Mickiewicz's works]: text, concordances and frequency list
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20081205185927/http://home.roadrunner.com/~polishlit/19.html#mick Polish Literature in English Translation: Mickiewicz]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110724020109/http://www.stambulkg.polemb.net/index.php?document=90 Adam Mickiewicz Museum Istanbul (in Turkish)]
* [http://tlumacz-literatury.pl/polishpoetryfree.pdf Polish poetry in English (includes a few poems by Mickiewicz)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110516103211/http://tlumacz-literatury.pl/polishpoetryfree.pdf |date=2011-05-16 }}
* [https://culture.pl/en/artist/adam-mickiewicz Adam Mickiewicz] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121021202322/http://www.culture.pl/web/english/resources-literature-full-page/-/eo_event_asset_publisher/eAN5/content/adam-mickiewicz |date=2012-10-21 }} at culture.pl

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