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Daftar bintang terdekat - Ensiklopedia
Rotating 3D image of the nearest stars
Peta animasi 3D dari bintang-bintang terdekat yang berpusat di Matahari. direkomendasikan untuk bisa melihat gambar ini dengan baik.
Peta konformal jarak dan sudut objek luar angkasa yang berada dalam jarak 12 tahun cahaya dari Matahari.

Berikut adalah daftar bintang terdekat dalam jarak 5,0 parsec (16,3 tahun cahaya ) dari Tata Surya . Sejauh ini, 76 bintang seperti itu telah ditemukan, dan hanya sembilan yang cukup terang untuk terlihat tanpa teleskop. Cahaya tampak perlu mencapai atau melebihi tingkat kecerahan paling redup, yaitu nilai magnitudo semu sebesar 6,5 agar dapat dilihat dengan mata telanjang dari Bumi. [ 1 ]

Daftar

# Penandaan Kelas bintang m M T eff
K (±batas kesalahan) 		Epos J2000.0 Paralaks [ 2 ] [ 3 ]
mili detik busur (±batas kesalahan) 		Jarak [ 4 ]
Tahun cahaya (±batas kesalahan) 		Referensi
tambahan
Sistem Bintang PK [ 2 ] Pen [ 2 ]
Tata Surya Matahari (Sol) [ 2 ] −26,72 [ 2 ] 4,85 [ 2 ] 5,778 [ 5 ] — — 180° 0,0000158(3)
atau
8 menit cahaya
1 Alpha Centauri
(Rigil Kentaurus; Toliman) 		Proxima Centauri (V645 Centauri) 11,09 [ 2 ] 15,53 [ 2 ] 3,040 [ 6 ] 14 j 29 m 43,0 d −62° 40′ 46″ 0,768 87(0 29)″ [ 7 ] [ 8 ] 4,2421(16) [ 9 ]
α Centauri A (HD 128620) [ 2 ] 0,01 [ 2 ] 4,38 [ 2 ] 5,790 [ 6 ] 14 j 39 m 36,5 d −60° 50′ 02″ 0,747 23(1 17)″ [ 7 ] [ 10 ] 4,3650(68)
α Centauri B (HD 128621) [ 2 ] 1,34 [ 2 ] 5,71 [ 2 ] 5,260 [ 6 ] 14 j 39 m 35,1 d −60° 50′ 14″
2 Bintang Barnard (BD+04°3561a) M4,0Ve 9,53 [ 2 ] 13,22 [ 2 ] 3,134(102) [ 11 ] 17 j 57 m 48,5 d +04° 41′ 36″ 0,546 98(1 00)″ [ 7 ] [ 8 ] 5,9630(109)
3 Wolf 359 (CN Leonis) M6,0V [ 2 ] 13,44 [ 2 ] 16,55 [ 2 ] 2,800(100) [ 12 ] 10 j 56 m 29,2 d +07° 00′ 53″ 0,419 10(2 10)″ [ 7 ] 7,7825(390)
4 Lalande 21185 (BD+36°2147) M2,0V [ 2 ] 7,47 [ 2 ] 10,44 [ 2 ] 3,400 [ 13 ] 11 j 03 m 20,2 d +35° 58′ 12″ 0,393 42(0 70)″ [ 7 ] [ 8 ] 8,2905(148)
5 Sirius
(α Canis Majoris) 		Sirius A [ 2 ] −1,43 [ 2 ] 1,47 [ 2 ] 9,940(210) [ 14 ] 06 j 45 m 08,9 d −16° 42′ 58″ 0,380 02(1 28)″ [ 7 ] [ 8 ] 8,5828(289)
Sirius B DA2 [ 2 ] 8,44 [ 2 ] 11,34 [ 2 ] 25,000(200) [ 15 ]
6 Luyten 726-8 A (BL Ceti) M5,5Ve 12,54 [ 2 ] 15,40 [ 2 ] 2,670 01 j 39 m 01,3 d −17° 57′ 01″ 0,373 70(2 70)″ [ 7 ] 8,7280(631)
Luyten 726-8 B (UV Ceti) M6,0Ve 12,99 [ 2 ] 15,85 [ 2 ] ~2,600
7 Ross 154 (V1216 Sagittarii) M3,5Ve 10,43 [ 2 ] 13,07 [ 2 ] 2,700 18 j 49 m 49,4 d −23° 50′ 10″ 0,336 90(1 78)″ [ 7 ] [ 8 ] 9,6813(512)
8 Ross 248 (HH Andromedae) M5,5Ve 12,29 [ 2 ] 14,79 [ 2 ] ? 23 j 41 m 54,7 d +44° 10′ 30″ 0,316 00(1 10)″ [ 7 ] 10,322(36)
9 Epsilon Eridani (BD−09°697) [ 2 ] 3,73 [ 2 ] 6,19 [ 2 ] 5,100 03 j 32 m 55,8 d −09° 27′ 30″ 0,309 99(0 79)″ [ 7 ] [ 8 ] 10,522(27)
10 (CD−36°15693) M1,5Ve 7,34 [ 2 ] 9,75 [ 2 ] 3,340 23 j 05 m 52,0 d −35° 51′ 11″ 0,303 64(0 87)″ [ 7 ] [ 8 ] 10,742(31)
11 Ross 128 (FI Virginis) M4,0Vn 11,13 [ 2 ] 13,51 [ 2 ] 2,800 11 j 47 m 44,4 d +00° 48′ 16″ 0,298 72(1 35)″ [ 7 ] [ 8 ] 10,919(49)
12
(GJ 866, Luyten 789-6) 		EZ Aquarii A M5,0Ve 13,33 [ 2 ] 15,64 [ 2 ] ? 22 j 38 m 33,4 d −15° 18′ 07″ 0,289 50(4 40)″ [ 7 ] 11,266(171)
EZ Aquarii B M? 13,27 [ 2 ] 15,58 [ 2 ] ?
EZ Aquarii C M? 14,03 [ 2 ] 16,34 [ 2 ] ?
13 Procyon
(α Canis Minoris) 		Procyon A F5V-IV [ 2 ] 0,38 [ 2 ] 2,66 [ 2 ] 6,650 07 j 39 m 18,1 d +05° 13′ 30″ 0,286 05(0 81)″ [ 7 ] [ 8 ] 11,402(32)
Procyon B DA [ 2 ] 10,70 [ 2 ] 12,98 [ 2 ] 9,700
14 61 Cygni 61 Cygni A (BD+38°4343) [ 2 ] 5,21 [ 2 ] 7,49 [ 2 ] 4,640 21 j 06 m 53,9 d +38° 44′ 58″ 0,286 04(0 56)″ [ 7 ] [ 8 ] 11,403(22)
61 Cygni B (BD+38°4344) [ 2 ] 6,03 [ 2 ] 8,31 [ 2 ] 4,440 21 j 06 m 55,3 d +38° 44′ 31″
15
(GJ 725, BD+59°1915) 		Struve 2398 A (HD 173739) M3,0V [ 2 ] 8,90 [ 2 ] 11,16 [ 2 ] ? 18 j 42 m 46,7 d +59° 37′ 49″ 0,283 00(1 69)″ [ 7 ] [ 8 ] 11,525(69)
Struve 2398 B (HD 173740) M3,5V [ 2 ] 9,69 [ 2 ] 11,95 [ 2 ] ? 18 j 42 m 46,9 d +59° 37′ 37″
16
(GJ 15) 		Groombridge 34 A (GX Andromedae) M1,5V [ 2 ] 8,08 [ 2 ] 10,32 [ 2 ] ? 0 j 18 m 22,9 d +44° 01′ 23″ 0,280 59(0 95)″ [ 7 ] [ 8 ] 11,624(39)
Groombridge 34 B (GQ Andromedae) M3,5V [ 2 ] 11,06 [ 2 ] 13,30 [ 2 ] ?
17 Epsilon Indi
(CPD−57°10015) 		Epsilon Indi A [ 2 ] 4,69 [ 2 ] 6,89 [ 2 ] 4,280 22 j 03 m 21,7 d −56° 47′ 10″ 0,275 84(0 69)″ [ 7 ] [ 8 ] 11,824(30)
Epsilon Indi Ba >23 >25 1,280 22 j 04 m 10,5 d −56° 46′ 58″
Epsilon Indi Bb >23 >25 850
18 (G 51-15) M6,5Ve 14,78 [ 2 ] 16,98 [ 2 ] ? 08 j 29 m 49,5 d +26° 46′ 37″ 0,275 80(3 00)″ [ 7 ] 11,826(129)
19 Tau Ceti (BD−16°295) [ 2 ] 3,49 [ 2 ] 5,68 [ 2 ] 5,344 01 j 44 m 04,1 d −15° 56′ 15″ 0,274 39(0 76)″ [ 7 ] [ 8 ] 11,887(33)
20 (LHS 1565) M5,5V [ 2 ] 13,09 [ 2 ] 15,26 [ 2 ] ? 03 j 35 m 59,7 d −44° 30′ 45″ 0,272 01(1 30)″ [ 16 ] 11,991(57) [ 17 ] [ 18 ]
21 (LHS 138) M4,5V [ 2 ] 12,02 [ 2 ] 14,17 [ 2 ] ? 01 j 12 m 30,6 d −16° 59′ 56″ 0,268 84(2 95)″ [ 7 ] [ 8 ] 12,132(133)
22 Bintang Luyten (BD+05°1668) M3,5Vn 9,86 [ 2 ] 11,97 [ 2 ] ? 07 j 27 m 24,5 d +05° 13′ 33″ 0,263 76(1 25)″ [ 7 ] [ 8 ] 12,366(59)
23 Bintang Teegarden (SO025300,5+165258) M6,5V 15,14 [ 2 ] 17,22 [ 2 ] ? 02 j 53 m 00,9 d +16° 52′ 53″ 0,260 63(2 69)″ [ 16 ] 12,514(129) [ 18 ]
24 SCR 1845-6357 A M8,5V [ 2 ] 17,39 19,41 ? 18 j 45 m 05,3 d −63° 57′ 48″ 0,259 45(1 11)″ [ 16 ] 12,571(54) [ 18 ]
SCR 1845-6357 B [ 19 ] ? ? 950 [ 19 ] 18 j 45 m 02,6 d −63° 57′ 52″
25 (CD−45°1841) M1,5V [ 2 ] 8,84 [ 2 ] 10,87 [ 2 ] 3,800 05 j 11 m 40,6 d −45° 01′ 06″ 0,255 27(0 86)″ [ 7 ] [ 8 ] 12,777(43)
26 (AX Microscopii) M0,0V [ 2 ] 6,67 [ 2 ] 8,69 [ 2 ] 3,340 21 j 17 m 15,3 d −38° 52′ 03″ 0,253 43(1 12)″ [ 7 ] [ 8 ] 12,870(57)
27
(BD+56°2783) 		Kruger 60 A M3,0V [ 2 ] 9,79 [ 2 ] 11,76 [ 2 ] 3,180 22 j 27 m 59,5 d +57° 41′ 45″ 0,248 06(1 39)″ [ 7 ] [ 10 ] 13,149(74)
Kruger 60 B (DO Cephei) M4,0V [ 2 ] 11,41 [ 2 ] 13,38 [ 2 ] 2,890
28 M8,5V [ 2 ] 17,39 [ 2 ] 19,37 [ 2 ] ? 10 j 48 m 14,7 d −39° 56′ 06″ 0,247 71(1 55)″ [ 16 ] 13,167(82) [ 20 ] [ 21 ]
29
(V577 Monocerotis, GJ 234) 		Ross 614A (LHS 1849) M4,5V [ 2 ] 11,15 [ 2 ] 13,09 [ 2 ] ? 06 j 29 m 23,4 d −02° 48′ 50″ 0,244 34(2 01)″ [ 7 ] [ 10 ] 13,349(110)
Ross 614B (LHS 1850) M5,5V 14,23 [ 2 ] 16,17 [ 2 ] ?
30 (Wolf 1061, BD−12°4523) M3,0V [ 2 ] 10,07 [ 2 ] 11,93 [ 2 ] ? 16 j 30 m 18,1 d −12° 39′ 45″ 0,236 01(1 67)″ [ 7 ] [ 8 ] 13,820(98)
31 (Gl 35, LHS 7) DZ7 [ 2 ] 12,38 [ 2 ] 14,21 [ 2 ] ? 00 j 49 m 09,9 d +05° 23′ 19″ 0,231 88(1 79)″ [ 7 ] [ 8 ] 14,066(109)
32 (CD−37°15492) M3,0V [ 2 ] 8,55 [ 2 ] 10,35 [ 2 ] ? 00 j 05 m 24,4 d −37° 21′ 27″ 0,229 20(1 07)″ [ 7 ] [ 8 ] 14,231(66)
33
(FL Virginis, LHS 333, GJ 473) 		Wolf 424 A M5,5Ve 13,18 [ 2 ] 14,97 [ 2 ] ? 12 j 33 m 17,2 d +09° 01′ 15″ 0,227 90(4 60)″ [ 7 ] 14,312(289)
Wolf 424 B M7Ve 13,17 [ 2 ] 14,96 [ 2 ] ?
34 (GJ 83,1, Luyten 1159-16) M4,5V [ 2 ] 12,27 [ 2 ] 14,03 [ 2 ] ? 02 j 00 m 13,2 d +13° 03′ 08″ 0,224 80(2 90)″ [ 7 ] 14,509(187)
35 (LHS 450, BD+68°946) M3,0V [ 2 ] 9,17 [ 2 ] 10,89 [ 2 ] ? 17 j 36 m 25,9 d +68° 20′ 21″ 0,220 49(0 82)″ [ 7 ] [ 8 ] 14,793(55)
36 (LP 731-58) M6,5V [ 2 ] 15,60 [ 2 ] 17,32 [ 2 ] ? 10 j 48 m 12,6 d −11° 20′ 14″ 0,220 30(3 60)″ [ 7 ] 14,805(242)
37 (LHS 449) M3,0V [ 2 ] 9,38 [ 2 ] 11,09 [ 2 ] ? 17 j 28 m 39,9 d −46° 53′ 43″ 0,220 25(1 59)″ [ 7 ] [ 8 ] 14,809(107)
38 GJ 1245 A M5,5V [ 2 ] 13,46 [ 2 ] 15,17 [ 2 ] ? 19 j 53 m 54,2 d +44° 24′ 55″ 0,220 20(1 00)″ [ 7 ] 14,812(67)
GJ 1245 B M6,0V [ 2 ] 14,01 [ 2 ] 15,72 [ 2 ] ? 19 j 53 m 55,2 d +44° 24′ 56″
GJ 1245 C M? 16,75 [ 2 ] 18,46 [ 2 ] ? 19 j 53 m 54,2 d +44° 24′ 55″
39 (WD 1142-645) DQ6 [ 2 ] 11,50 [ 2 ] 13,18 [ 2 ] 7,500 11 j 45 m 42,9 d −64° 50′ 29″ 0,216 57(2 01)″ [ 7 ] [ 8 ] 15,060(140)
40 GJ 1002 M5,5V [ 2 ] 13,76 [ 2 ] 15,40 [ 2 ] ? 00 j 06 m 43,8 d −07° 32′ 22″ 0,213 00(3 60)″ [ 7 ] 15,313(259)
41 (GJ 876) M3,5V [ 2 ] 10,17 [ 2 ] 11,81 [ 2 ] 3,480 22 j 53 m 16,7 d −14° 15′ 49″ 0,212 59(1 96)″ [ 7 ] [ 8 ] 15,342(141)
42 (Luyten 143-23) M5,5V [ 2 ] 13,90 [ 2 ] 15,51 [ 2 ] ? 10 j 44 m 21,2 d −61° 12′ 36″ 0,208 95(2 73)″ [ 16 ] 15,610(204) [ 18 ]
43 GJ 412 GJ 412 A M1,0V [ 2 ] 8,77 [ 2 ] 10,34 [ 2 ] ? 11 j 05 m 28,6 d +43° 31′ 36″ 0,206 02(1 08)″ [ 7 ] [ 8 ] 15,832(83)
GJ 412 B (WX Ursae Majoris) M5,5V [ 2 ] 14,48 [ 2 ] 16,05 [ 2 ] ? 11 j 05 m 30,4 d +43° 31′ 18″
44 (GJ 380) [ 2 ] 6,59 [ 2 ] 8,16 [ 2 ] 4,000 10 j 11 m 22,1 d +49° 27′ 15″ 0,205 81(0 67)″ [ 7 ] [ 8 ] 15,848(52)
45 GJ 388 M3,0V [ 2 ] 9,32 [ 2 ] 10,87 [ 2 ] ? 10 j 19 m 36,4 d +19° 52′ 10″ 0,204 60(2 80)″ [ 7 ] 15,942(218)
46 M3,0V [ 2 ] 8,66 [ 2 ] 10,20 [ 2 ] ? 21 j 33 m 34,0 d −49° 00′ 32″ 0,202 78(1 32)″ [ 7 ] [ 8 ] 16,085(105)
47 M9,0V [ 2 ] 18,50 [ 2 ] 20,02 [ 2 ] ? 03 j 39 m 35,2 d −35° 25′ 41″ 0,201 40(4 20)″ [ 22 ] 16,195(338)
48 [ 2 ] 22,92 [ 2 ] 24,44 [ 2 ] ? 02 j 55 m 03,7 d −47° 00′ 52″ 0,201 37(3 89)″ [ 16 ] 16,197(313) [ 21 ]
49 GJ 682 M4,5V [ 2 ] 10,95 [ 2 ] 12,45 [ 2 ] ? 17 j 37 m 03,7 d −44° 19′ 09″ 0,199 65(2 30)″ [ 7 ] [ 8 ] 16,337(188)
# Sistem Bintang Kelas bintang M
K 		PK [ 2 ] Pen [ 2 ] Paralaks [ 2 ] [ 3 ]
(±err) 		Jarak [ 4 ]
Tahun cahaya (±err) 		Referensi
tambahan
Penandaan Epos J2000.0

Lihat pula

Referensi

  1. ^ Weaver, Harold F. (1947). "The Visibility of Stars Without Optical Aid" . Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific . 59 (350): 232– 243. Bibcode : 1947PASP...59..232W . doi : 10.1086/125956 .
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej ek el em en eo ep eq er es et eu ev ew ex ey ez fa fb fc fd fe ff fg fh fi fj fk fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv fw fx fy fz ga gb , GSU (2007-09-17). "The One Hundred Nearest Star Systems" . RECONS . Diakses tanggal 6 November 2007 . ;
  3. ^ a b Paralaks yang diberikan RECONS adalah min nilai bagi sumber diberi, begitu juga pengukuran oleh program RECONS,
  4. ^ a b Dari paralaks,
  5. ^ Sun Fact Sheet , NASA, Accessed on line , 2007 ,
  6. ^ a b c Kervella, Pierre; Thevenin, Frederic ( 2003 ). "A Family Portrait of the Alpha Centauri System: VLT Interferometer Studies the Nearest Stars" . ESO Press Release 05/03 . ESO . Diakses tanggal 2007-11-08 . Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list ( link )
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ,
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ,
  9. ^ Burgasser et al, 2000
  10. ^ a b c Visual binary orbits and masses post Hipparcos , Staffan Söderhjelm, Astronomy and Astrophysics 341 (January 1999), pp, 121–140,
  11. ^ Barnard's Star and the M Dwarf Temperature Scale , P, C, Dawson and M, M, de Robertis, The Astronomical Journal 127 , #5 (May 2004), pp, 2909–2914, DOI : 10,1086/383289
  12. ^ Ya, V, Pavlenko, H, R, A, Jones, Yu, Lyubchik, J, Tennyson, and D, J, Pinfield (2006). "Spectral energy distribution for GJ406" . Astronomy and Astrophysics . 447 (2): 709– 717. doi : 10,1051/0004-6361:20052979 . ; Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list ( link )
  13. ^ Carbon monoxide bands in M dwarfs , Y, V, Pavlenko and H, R, A, Jones, Astronomy and Astrophysics 396 (December 2002), pp, 967–975, DOI : 10,1051/0004-6361:20021454
  14. ^ Table 2, The physical properties of normal A stars , Saul J, Adelman, pp, 1–11, The A-Star Puzzle , Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union , edited by J, Zverko, J, Ziznovsky, S, J, Adelman, and W, W, Weiss, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2004, DOI : 10,1017/S1743921304004314
  15. ^ Adopted value, The Age and Progenitor Mass of Sirius B , James Liebert, Patrick A, Young, David Arnett, J,B, Holberg, and Kurtis A, Williams, The Astrophysical Journal 630 , #1 (September 2005), pp, L69–L72,
  16. ^ a b c d e f Systems with their first accurate trigonometric parallaxes measured by RECONS
  17. ^ The solar neighborhood IV: discovery of the twentieth nearest star , Todd J, Henry, Philip A, Ianna, J, Davy Kirkpatrick, Hartmut Jahreiss, The Astronomical Journal 114 , #1 (July 1997), pp, 388–395, DOI : 10,1086/118482
  18. ^ a b c d The Solar Neighborhood, XVII, Parallax Results from the CTIOPI 0,9 m Program: 20 New Members of the RECONS 10 Parsec Sample , Todd J, Henry, Wei-Chun Jao, John P, Subasavage, Thomas D, Beaulieu, Philip A, Ianna, Edgardo Costa, René A, Méndez, The Astronomical Journal 132 , #6 (December 2006), pp, 2360–2371, DOI : 10,1086/508233
  19. ^ a b The very nearby M/T dwarf binary SCR 1845-6357 , Markus Kasper, Beth A, Biller, Adam Burrows, Wolfgang Brandner, Jano Budaj, and Laird M, Close, Astronomy and Astrophysics 471 , #2 (August 2007), pp, 655–659, DOI : 10,1051/0004-6361:20077881
  20. ^ The Solar Neighborhood, XIII, Parallax Results from the CTIOPI 0,9 Meter Program: Stars with μ >= 1,0" yr -1 (Motion sample) , Wei-Chun Jao, Todd J, Henry, John P, Subasavage, Misty A, Brown, Philip A, Ianna, Jennifer L, Bartlett, Edgardo Costa, René A, Méndez, The Astronomical Journal 129 , #4 (April 2005), pp, 1954–1967, DOI : 10,1086/428489
  21. ^ a b The Solar Neighborhood, XIV, Parallaxes from the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory Parallax Investigation—First Results from the 1,5 m Telescope Program , Edgardo Costa, René A, Méndez, W,-C, Jao, Todd J, Henry, John P, Subasavage, Misty A, Brown, Philip A, Ianna, and Jennifer Bartlett, The Astronomical Journal 130 , #1 (July 2005), pp, 337–349, DOI : 10,1086/430473
  22. ^ CCD astrometry of southern very low-mass stars , C, G, Tinney, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 281 , #2 (July 1996), pp, 644–658,

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