This usually means that one of the following conditions is fulfilled.

1. The author of this work died: ^[1]
   • (a) before January 1, 1951 or
   • (b) between January 1, 1951 and January 1, 1955, did not work during the Great Patriotic War and did not participate in it.
2. This work was originally published anonymously or under a pseudonym:
   • (a) before January 1, 1943 and the name of the author did not become known during 50 years after publication, counted from January 1 of the year following the year of publication, or
   • (b) between January 1, 1943 and January 1, 1955, and the name of the author did not become known during 70 years after publication, counted from January 1 of the year following the year of publication.
3. This work is a film (a video fragment or a single shot from it):
   • (a) which was first shown before January 1, 1943 ^[2] or
   • (b) which was created by legal entity between January 1, 1929 and January 1, 1955, provided that it was first shown in the stated period or was not shown until August 3, 1993.
4. This work is an information report (including photo report), which was created by an employee of TASS , ROSTA , or KarelfinTAG as part of that person’s official duties between July 10, 1925 ^[3] and January 1, 1955, provided that it was first released in the stated period or was not released until August 3, 1993.